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近年来,情境主义以某些心理学实验及其结果为证据质疑“品格”的实在性,给美德伦理学带来某种挑战,而美德伦理学者也对此作出了种种回应。面对论争,马克·阿尔法诺提出了一种温和的解决思路,即将品格视为一种道德虚构。他认为,即使品格作为一种心理事实在经验上不充分,从实用性角度出发,也应将“品格”概念保留在道德话语中而不是取消它。然而,实用并不意味着合理。如果品格是虚构的,依然会动摇以“品格”概念为核心的美德伦理学的根基。虽然阿尔法诺对品格的辩护并不成功,但他对思考品格与情境的关系指出了新的方向。我们与其纠结品格是不是一种心理事实,不如关注如何帮助人们获得优良品格,以指导道德实践,实现人的幸福。
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基本信息:
中图分类号:B82-0
引用信息:
[1]左高山,焦丹.“品格”是一种道德虚构吗——基于阿尔法诺品格观的分析[J].哲学动态,2024(05):101-108.
2024-05-26
2024-05-26